What type of hypertension is referred to as benign essential hypertension?

Benign essential hypertension refers specifically to a form of mild to moderate hypertension that is not associated with any identifiable cause and does not lead to severe complications over time. This type of hypertension is often characterized by its gradual development and relatively stable blood pressure levels. Stage 1 hypertension fits this definition, as it typically has a systolic reading between 130-139 mmHg and a diastolic reading between 80-89 mmHg. Individuals with Stage 1 hypertension can often manage their condition through lifestyle modifications and may not require immediate medication.

In contrast, secondary hypertension arises from identifiable conditions that lead to higher blood pressure, such as kidney disease or hormonal disorders. Resistant hypertension fails to respond adequately to treatment, making it a more severe form that complicates management. Malignant hypertension is characterized by extremely high blood pressure levels accompanied by evidence of organ damage and requires immediate medical attention, making it far from benign. Therefore, the description of benign essential hypertension aligns best with Stage 1 hypertension, as it indicates a less severe condition that is manageable and typically not associated with acute health risks.